TK-Writer Manual

This section provides more detail for each of TK-WRITER's functions and operations while in the edit window.

BOLD TEXT

Note that the Use the <R> option to remove all bolding on the line. See also SELECT BOLD/UNDERLINE.

CENTER TEXT

Centered text can be brought back to the left margin using the LEFT-JUSTIFY command.

Centered text on the CRT screen will not always be centered on the paper when using proportionally spaced fonts. In many cases, this can be remedied by including a ~ CT somewhere in the line that is to be centered.

When using the ~ CT function, the text does not need to be centered on the screen to have the text centered on the printer.

CHANGING EVERY

Then enter the word or phrase to replace with and press <RETURN>.

If the cursor is not at the beginning of the document, you will be asked whether the search and replace operation is to start at the current cursor position or at the beginning of the document. Enter <H> for HERE or <B> for BEGINNING. To halt the CHANGE EVERY operation press any alphanumeric key.

CHARACTER DELETE

If the cursor is beyond the end of the line, pressing the <CHARACTER DELETE> key will cause the next line down to be joined to the current line at the cursor position or one space from the last word, whichever is furthermost to the right.

CHARACTER INSERT

If the last character on the line is pushed off of the end of the line because of a CHARACTER INSERT operation, the entire last word will be removed and inserted on the next line.

COMPOSE KEY

1. With new text - In typing new text and you reach a spot where you need to type a multi-national character, press the Compose Key followed by a two letter sequence indicating somewhat symbolically the desired multi-national symbol. The following are valid examples:

First letter	Second letter
A	`'"~ ^eo
C	,
E	`'"^
I	`'^"
N
O	`'^~ "E/
U	`'^"
Y	"
a	`'^~ "oe
c	,
e	`'^"
i	`'^"
n
o	`'^~ "e/
s	s
u	`'"^
y	"

Note that some terminals already have a compose key built into the terminal firmware. It is certainly permissible for you to use this feature also if it is available to you. Terminals that do not support multi-national character sets cannot be used with the Compose Key feature.

2. With old text - Pressing the Compose Key while the cursor is already sitting on one of the letters illustrated in the first column will cycle through each of the various multi-national (diacritical and diagraphical) forms.

COPY TEXT

Press <RETURN> when the text to be copied has been highlighted.

At TK-WRITER's request, assign a name to the highlighted text. Use a name that will be easily remembered if you are likely to use this copied text over and over again. You may use the 26 letters of the alphabet and the 10 numbers. Press <RETURN> when the name is entered.

The following display provides an example of a name being assigned to a section of highlighted text:

You will then be reminded that this copied text can be inserted with the INSERT TEXT command of the same <COPY/MOVE/INSERT> function key. Press "RETURN" to return to the edit mode. See INSERT TEXT for information concerning inserting the text in the current document or in another document.

Entire documents can be copied with the Copy Document option from the Special Options menu as illustrated below:

CURSOR KEYS

CUT LINE

Note that the CUT LINE function also provides a quick way of opening up a few lines directly below the typing position without having to move the cursor.

DICTIONARY LOOKUP

Press FIND function key followed by a <W>. You will then be prompted for the beginning letters of the word you are looking for. Enter one or more letters remembering that TK-WRITER will display all words in the dictionary that begin with the letters you entered. The more letters, the smaller the list.

Move the cursor to the word to be selected and press RETURN. The selected word will be inserted at the cursor position. You may have to page through the dictionary using the NEXT SCREEN, PREVIOUS SCREEN and FIRST SCREEN function keys if necessary.

Press the EXIT function key if the word is not found or you choose not to select it.

EXIT
DOCUMENT EDIT

Upon exit TK-WRITER performs the following:

1.	It removes any blank lines at end of document.
2.	Scans for any ~ S, ~ N, ~ A and ~ $ print control characters in the first 50 lines of document. If found, it will continue scanning in increments of 150 lines at a time.
3.	Performs encryption of document if encryption is specified.

If your document is fairly long, you may experience a short pause during these operations.

FIND

1.	To report the current cursor position with respect to the left margin, beginning of the document (line #), and page number.
2)	To allow quick movement to the beginning of the document (B), end of document (E), a particular line number (xx) or a certain page number (Pxx). Note that the page number is determined by referencing the page numbering of the last printout or pagination preview.
3)	To allow access to an extended character set that may not be available on the keyboard. This is primarily used for the multi-national character set, but the other symbols may also be used if available on your terminals and printers.
4)	To lookup a range of words in the dictionary.

FONT SELECTION

FORMAT LINE

The center command moves the text according to the hard margins (template 1).

Moving text up and down is a quick way of interchanging lines, either with the one above or below.

The advance function is to enable one or more lines to be skipped during the format procedure without having to exit the FORMAT LINE function.

The Tables function allows a column to be edited as a column. See the description under TABLE OPERATIONS.

FIRST SCREEN

HELP SCREEN

Once the help screen is displayed, you may perform the following operations:

Press the EXIT key to return to the previous operation.

Point to one of the highlighted options listed in the help text and press RETURN to branch into other help screens.

Press the NEXT SCREEN and PREVIOUS SCREEN function keys to move forward or backward through the help screens.

HYPHENATION

Indicate where the word is to be hyphenated by moving the cursor to the first character of the word that is to be wrapped to the next line. A hyphen will automatically be inserted at that point.

Press RETURN at the end of the line if the word is not to be hyphenated. The entire word will be wrapped to the next line.

INSERT MODE

The <RETURN> key behaves differently when the INSERT MODE is ON. Each time you press the <RETURN> key the current line will be split at the present cursor position and the remainder of the line will be repositioned on the next line (as in CUT LINE). The cursor will jump down to the beginning of the next line. Pressing <RETURN> on blank lines will insert a blank line.

INSERT TEXT

Press the <COPY/MOVE/INSERT> key and type <I> to insert. You will be asked to enter the name of the text to be inserted, which is the name that was assigned while using the MOVE TEXT or COPY TEXT commands.

If the COPY or MOVE operation was performed during the current editing session, the most recently used name will be shown as the default and can be selected by pressing <RETURN>.

If there is no default, or the default does not represent the text to be inserted, enter the appropriate name and press <RETURN>. The text will be inserted at the cursor position.

TK-WRITER will ask whether the inserted text is to be deleted under the name used. If you have no future need for it, answer yes with a <Y>. If you answer no, the text will be saved for use at some later time.

To see the entire list of existing text names, press the <^> key. A pop-up menu will display the name of each copied or moved text and you will be able to select the appropriate entry by pointing to it and then pressing <RETURN>. Press the <EXIT> key to return without any selection.

More than one section of text can be inserted at once by entering a list of text names separated by a <+>. For example, if a form letter was to be created consisting of an address, salutation and body, the following might be used.

ADDRESS+SALUTATION+BODY

All three sections would be assembled on the screen for you. Note that you can have any number of sections from which to choose.

LEFT JUSTIFY LINE

Pressing <L> will cause the line to be left justified with respect to the current templates left margin. When completed, the cursor will move to the next line. Press <L> again if the new line is also to be left justified.

Press <RETURN> to return to Edit Mode.

The left justify function is a quick way to realign text on a new template without actually reformatting the text.

LINE DELETE

LINE DRAWING MODE

Moving the cursor through already existing text or lines will replace it with a new line. Line intersections will be automatically created.

The alphanumeric keys are not available for normal typing although they can be used to cycle through the available line drawing characters.

The line drawing mode will be cancelled by pressing any other function keys other than the cursor keys. After a short pause, you will resume the edit mode.

As with underlining and bolded text, any editing performed within the actual line drawing will cause it to be removed.

LINE INSERT

Note that if you insert many lines, the document may have to go through a document renumbering. This is an automatic procedure that TK-WRITER performs to restructure it's internal numbering format. TK-WRITER will display a "please wait" message as this may take a few moments to accomplish.

JUMP COMMANDS

NEXT WORD looks for a space character or beginning of line.

NEXT SENTENCE looks for either a period, exclamation mark or question comma followed by two spaces or the beginning of the line.

NEXT PARAGRAPH looks for a blank line.

MACROS

1)	Move the cursor to the point in the document where the recording is to begin and then select the MACRO option in the OTHER OPTIONS menu.
2)	Select DEFINE MACRO option in the MACRO OPTION screen. It will prompt you for the macro name. Enter one of the following: no name - a temporary macro played back by pressing the HOT function key (Control A). 0-9 - a temporary macro that can be played by entering the number and then the MACRO KEY. Alpha name - An alphabetic name that begins and ends with a letter of the alphabet. These are permanent macros and are stored the default macro file listed on the bottom right of the status line. AAAAA.MMM - An alphabetic name as above, but followed with a period and the Macro File to in which to store the macro.
3)	After the name is entered, a message will appear indicating that the recording will begin after pressing the RETURN key. Press RETURN. A macro record mode message will appear on the bottom line and every keystroke, whether a function key or normal typing sequence will be saved in the macro buffer. Press the MACRO function key to terminate the macro. The macro is now available for use anytime during the editing process.

To playback the macro:

1)	Move the cursor to the point in the document where the macro is to take effect.
2)	Enter the macro name (and optional Macro File name if needed). Press the MACRO key. If the name is found it will play back the macro and leave the cursor at the end of the macro.

If no macro file is specified, TK-WRITER will search the default macro file listed on the status line first. If it isn't found there, it will search the "sys" macro file. If it still isn't found, the a beep will be sounded and nothing will be changed.

If a macro file is specified, TK-WRITER will first search the specified macro file, then the "sys" file.

The temporary macros are lost when the edit mode is completed and you return to the TK-WRITER menus.

There are two different ways of editing macros that were previously recorded:

1)	Select the Macros option in the OTHER OPTIONS menu. Then select Edit Macro, the appropriate Macro File, and the desired macro. The macro will be displayed on the screen for you to edit.
2)	The entire Macro File can be edited by selecting the "~G" directory in the Directory Options. Each macro is listed in the file with the name of the macro listed on a line by itself (preceded with a period character ".") followed by one or more lines of the macro. Using this method will enable you add new macros to the file.

See Section 2 for more information concerning editing macros.

MARGIN CHANGE

You will then be asked if you want the text to be adjusted to the new margins. If you reply by pressing <Y> for YES, the document will be adjusted to the new line length on a paragraph by paragraph basis.

Remember that the word processor assumes that all paragraphs are separated by a blank line. If there are no blank lines between paragraphs and you approve the adjustment of text to the margins, all of text will be run together as if it was one paragraph.

MOVE TEXT

Notice that left and right cursor keys provide word control, while the up and down cursor keys provide line control. After a little practice, you will be able to quickly highlight a region of text using the appropriate cursor keys.

Press <RETURN> after you have highlighted the text to be moved. The text will be removed from the document.

It is then necessary to assign a name to this highlighted text. Use a name that will be easily remembered if you are likely to use this moved text over and over again. You may use the 26 letters of the alphabet and the 10 numbers. Press <RETURN> when the name is entered.

You will then be reminded that you can insert the highlighted text with the INSERT TEXT command using the name that you assigned. Press RETURN to return to the edit mode. See INSERT TEXT for information concerning inserting the text in the current document or in another document.

MOVE TO END-OF-LINE

If no space remains at the end of the line, the cursor will automatically move to the next line.

NEXT SCREEN

When the end of the document is reached, blank lines will be displayed and added to the end of the document. Any remaining blank lines at the end of the document will be removed when the EXIT command is issued.

PREVIOUS SCREEN

If the beginning of the document is reached, the command is inoperative.

QUICK INDENT

REFORMAT PARAGRAPH

There are two options provided with this command. You may either select the current typing template for the outside boundaries for the new text, or you can enter new values. Select the current template by typing a <Y> for YES. Type a <N> for new margins. Pressing <RETURN> without a response will return Edit Mode without further action.

If you choose the current margins, the new text will be reformated so that it will fill the margins of the current template.

If you choose to specify the margins, you will then be asked for the number of spaces on the left and right. Enter the number of spaces the text is to be indented from the left and right margins of the screen. (You may substitute the right margin with the width of the text by entering "+" followed by the desired width.)

The reformating will take place on the screen. When completed you will be returned to Edit Mode. If the paragraph continues on to the next screen the remainder of the reformating will not be seen, and a Wait Message will be displayed temporarily.

RETURN KEY

If the INSERT MODE is ON while editing a document, a <RETURN> key will cause the line to broken at the cursor position. Remaining text on the line will be carried forward to the next line. In other words, the <RETURN> key functions the same as the CUT LINE function.

The <RETURN> key is also used to terminate the input of parameters to the various commands. In most circumstances it will return the user to Edit Mode if no entry is made.

RIGHT JUSTIFY LINE

After the <R> key is pressed for RIGHT JUSTIFICATION, the text on the current line will be adjusted to the right margin, and the cursor will move move down one line. When the last line of the screen is reached, the screen will scroll up one line. Pressing another <R> will cause the next line to be right justified and so on. Press <RETURN> to return to the edit mode.

SPELLING CHECK

All words will be stripped of punctuation and upper case letters will be converted to lower case before being compared to the dictionary. Therefore, although proper nouns may be inserted in the dictionary, the use of capitalization will not be checked.

SYMBOL SETS

In order to use these extended characters the MUMPS operating system, communications, terminal and printer must all support 8-bit character encoding. Generally this is an option that may be selected in setup. In addition, the terminal and printer must support either the DEC multinational, PC-850 or Roman-8 symbol sets. TK-WRITER will provide the necessary translation from one symbol set to the other if needed.

NOTE:

TK-WRITER uses the PC-850 code page for the IBM PC compatible devices. Your PC may be setup to use a different code page (typically 437 in the US). This generally will not be a big problem as there are many similiarities between the various code pages, but you may see strange symbols when TK-WRITER automatically converts symbols from one type to another. Although code page 850 is not necessarily the best, it does contain a broad range of the multi-national characters. See your DOS manual on how to change the code page.

There are four ways of accessing the special symbol sets that are available on many terminals and PCs:

Direct	Special national keyboards will allow direct access to these symbols by pressing the appropriately marked key. This is the preferred way if you use these symbols quite often.
Compose	You can build the special symbol by either using the COMPOSE function key of TK-WRITER or a hardware compose sequence that is built into some terminals. See COMPOSE Key.
Replacement	An individual vowel may be replaced with its alternate forms by moving the cursor to the vowel and pressing either Control W, Control Z or Control B (depending upon your operating system and terminal type). TK-WRITER will cycle through all the alternate forms. Stop on the desired character.
Table Lookup	You may view the entire table and make a selection by pressing the SELECT function key and <S>. Once the table is displayed move the cursor to the desired symbol and press RETURN. Press the EXIT function key to return without a selection.

TABLE OPERATIONS

After the table is sized and marked you will be shown a list of TABLE OPTIONS as illustrated in the screen below:

Use the <NEXT SCREEN> and <PREVIOUS SCREEN> functions keys to move the highlighted column marker from column to column. This marker indicates on which column the table commands will operate (it only works on one column at a time). Notice that the marked columns are marked with a column width that encompasses the left-most-edge and the right-most-edge of the column. This is the column width and these boundaries are used in the following options:

Left	Left justifies column within the boundaries of the column.
Right	Right justifies column within the boundaries of the column.
Center	Centers column within the column boundaries.
Decimal	Aligns column on the decimal point. The decimal point is assumed on numbers without a decimal point. You will be asked to enter the number of allowable places to the right of the decimal point. Leaving this blank will leave the numbers as is; a number from 0-9 will automatically redisplay the numbers with the desired digits to the right of the decimal point. Rounding is performed on the number as is necessary. Note that this command changes the values of the numbers according to your instruction. There is no provision for restoring original values if digits are removed.

The CURSOR KEYS are also active in the TABLES MODE and work as follows:

Cursor Right	Moves the column one place to the right. If the column bumps against another column to the right, they will exchange positions.
Cursor Left	Moves the column one place to the left. If the column bumps against another column to the left, they will exchange positions.
Cursor Up	Rolls the contents of the column up one line. The top line will be wrapped around to the end of the column.
Cursor Down	Rolls the contents of the column down one line. The bottom line will be wrapped to the top of the column.

A SUM function will add all the items within the column and report the total on the bottom status line. (You can insert it into your document by pressing the REPEAT KEY.) All non-numeric characters are ignored.

Use either the "E" option or the <EXIT> function key to return to the edit mode.

TABULATION

The default template #1 has a tab set at the fifth column. The user must set any other tab stops as are necessary. The tab stops are indicated by a vertical line displayed on the top and bottom margins.

Each time the "TAB" key is pressed the cursor will jump to the next tab stop on the line. When the last tab stop is encountered, the cursor is then returned to the left margin of the next line.

TAB CLEAR

TAB SET

TYPING TEMPLATES

You may display all of the currently defined templates for your document by using the <R> parameter. It will list out each template on the screen as in this example:

The user may create other templates (2 - 9) by using the <C> parameter. The left and right margins are requested and are always the number of spaces inside the the left and right margins indicated on the sides of the screen. In other words, the user may only create formats that are equal or shorter in line length than the original template.

An alternate method of entering the right margin is to enter a "+" followed by a number representing the number of spaces to the right of the new left margin. This allows you to define the left margin at a particular indentation, and then enter a value indicating the total width of the new template.

The general use for templates with different margins is for indented text such as quotations or lists. The advantages of setting up a new template for indented text is that the Word Wrap and Reformat Text options use the margins of the current template. The user can therefore type in a new format with all of the conveniences of the original template without having to indent or tab at each line.

UNDERLINE TEXT

Press <RETURN> to end the underline mode and to return to the edit mode

Underlining may be removed from the text by retyping one or more characters within the underlined area and then moving the cursor.

See also SELECT UNDERLINE/BOLD for underlining new text as it is typed.

WORD COUNT

WORD SEARCH

The search starts at either the beginning or at the current line and proceeds through the document until a match is made or the end of the document is found. If a match is found, the cursor will be at the beginning of the word whose match was found. To continue the search, press the <REPEAT> function key.

Pressing the <RETURN> key anytime during the search process will end the search and return the user to Edit Mode.

WORD WRAP MODE

The three Word Wrap Modes are used as follows:

ON	The Word Wrap option will automatically wrap the cursor to the next line when the end of the line is encountered. It will bring the current word around with it and insert it at the beginning of the line.
OFF	The cursor still wraps to the next line, but the current word is not brought along with it. The word will be broken at the end of the line and any other letters will be found on the next line.
HYP	This mode will behave just as in ON above except when there is more than 5 characters in the last word of the line. It will stop and beep on each successive keystroke until you move the cursor back with the <CURSOR LEFT> key to indicate where to hyphenate the word. Point to the first character to be wrapped to the next line. TK-WRITER will automatically add a hyphen character.

The Word Wrap Mode may be changed at anytime. The document will always be initialized in the Word Wrap Mode specified in the document parameters.